Tuesday, December 24, 2024

GLAUCOMA-RELATED OCULAR SURFACE DISEASE PART-1

 


Glaucoma-related ocular surface disease (G-OSD) is a common, multifaceted, and visually significant ocular co-morbidity.

The prevalence of dry eye varies worldwide from 8% to 30% in the normal population, with an increased prevalence in South East Asian populations.

However, the prevalence of OSD in the glaucoma population varies from 40% to 59%.

Asian populations tend to have a higher prevalence of G-OSD, with a greater incidence of tear break-up time (TBUT) alteration and increased corneal staining.

An unhealthy ocular surface can adversely affect the ocular structures and the patient's quality of life (QOL).

The utility scores for moderate to severe Dry Eye Syndromes (DES) are comparable to those of angina and dialysis. Utility scores quantify how many years a patient would give up from the end of their lives to avoid a certain illness.

DES and glaucoma are both associated with a high prevalence of mood disorders, depression, and anxiety.

Dry eye symptoms in glaucoma patients have a substantial social, economic, and public health burden.

A study from Australia reported that 39% of patients with glaucoma suffered from significant dry eye disease, and the associated economic burden was calculated to be 330.5 million AU$ per year.

Even if visual acuity is normal according to Snellen's measurements, the instability of the tear film generates aberrations that may result in an alteration of visual function and a decrease in the visual quality.

Fluctuations in the tear film can also increase irregular astigmatism and impair visual performance, resulting in worsening contrast sensitivity and visual acuity.

The poor ocular surface may affect the reliability of perimetry.

Glaucoma and dry eye patients with poor total OSDI scores usually have greater visual difficulty with text-based search.

The pathogenesis of dry eye can be characterized as a vicious cycle: once induced, numerous inflammatory mechanisms are triggered and tend to self-perpetuate.



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GLAUCOMA-RELATED OCULAR SURFACE DISEASE PART-1

  Glaucoma-related ocular surface disease (G-OSD) is a common, multifaceted, and visually significant ocular co-morbidity. The prevalence...